Marvin OnumonuLiveCareer UK published a guide mapping out over 20 warning signs of workplace dysfunction, starting with job listings and going through to the offer stage.
The research found 75% of UK workers had experienced a toxic work environment, with 87% saying it negatively affected their mental health.
Vague role descriptions, missing salary details, and jobs constantly being reposted were flagged as early indicators.
The guide highlighted that exaggerated requirements for entry-level jobs and phrases like “wear many hats” or “no two days are the same” often signalled unclear responsibilities and unrealistic expectations.
Job adverts with phrases such as “fast-paced environment”, “rockstar”, or “we’re like a family” were linked to overwork, poor boundaries, and a lack of professionalism.
Companies not mentioning pay or offering wide salary ranges were seen as lacking transparency.
A lack of details about development or growth was also raised as a concern.
Dr. Jasmine Escalera, career expert at LiveCareer UK, said: “Job descriptions are more than a list of responsibilities, they are a preview of company culture.
“When expectations seem vague, excessive, or contradictory, that can be a sign of deeper issues.
“Candidates are quick to focus on impressing employers, but it is just as important to evaluate whether the role meets your standards.”
Escalera added: “Paying attention to early red flags can save any candidate from bigger issues down the line.”
The analysis also found red flags appeared at the interview and offer stage.
These included vague answers to questions, inappropriate or illegal interview questions, and pressure to accept job offers quickly.
Not receiving a written offer, being asked to do unpaid trial work, and unclear details about benefits also stood out as warning signs.
Candidates were encouraged to research companies, ask direct questions, and pay attention to the recruitment process.
They were also advised to speak to current or former employees and trusting instincts if something felt off.
