Ryan FowlerThe World Economic Forum’s latest Future of Jobs Report projects a net increase of 78 million jobs by 2030, with 170 million new roles created and 92 million displaced globally. The findings reveal that technological advancements, demographic trends, and economic shifts will drive significant disruption, with nearly 22% of jobs affected by changes over the next five years.
The report, based on data from more than 1,000 companies, identifies the growing skills gap as the most significant barrier to business transformation, with 63% of employers highlighting it as a critical challenge. Technology-driven roles in AI, big data, and cybersecurity are expected to see rapid growth, but human skills, such as resilience, flexibility, and creativity, will remain equally essential.
“Trends such as generative AI and rapid technological shifts are upending industries and labour markets, creating both unprecedented opportunities and profound risks,” said Till Leopold, head of work, wages and job creation at the World Economic Forum. He added: “The time is now for businesses and governments to work together, invest in skills, and build an equitable and resilient global workforce.”
Shifting job market dynamics
Frontline and essential roles, such as care workers, teachers, and delivery drivers, are forecast to see the most significant job growth. Meanwhile, technological advances in AI, robotics, and renewable energy are expected to boost demand for specialists in those fields. On the other hand, roles such as cashiers, administrative assistants, and graphic designers are among the fastest declining, as automation and AI reshape traditional work models.
The skills gap: a pressing concern
Nearly 40% of skills needed in the workplace are expected to change by 2030, with both technical and human skills becoming crucial for many roles. According to the report, 59% of the global workforce will require reskilling or upskilling, but 11% are unlikely to receive it—equating to over 120 million workers at medium-term risk of redundancy.
Technology-related skills, particularly in AI, networks, and cybersecurity, will experience the fastest growth in demand. However, analytical thinking, cognitive abilities, leadership, and collaboration will continue to be essential. The report underscores the importance of combining technical and human skills to succeed in a rapidly evolving job market.
AI’s dual impact on jobs
Half of global employers plan to reorient their business models around AI, with 77% intending to upskill workers. However, 41% of employers anticipate reducing their workforce as AI automates specific tasks. Many companies are exploring redeploying staff into new roles to mitigate disruption and reduce the risks of job loss.
Broader forces reshaping the labour market
Beyond technology, economic, demographic, and geopolitical factors will significantly influence employment patterns. Rising costs of living, economic pressures, and trade restrictions are expected to displace six million jobs globally by 2030. At the same time, ageing populations in high-income countries will drive demand for healthcare roles, while expanding working-age populations in lower-income regions will fuel growth in education-related professions.
Geopolitical tensions and industrial policy shifts are further reshaping business strategies, with many companies turning to offshoring and reshoring, while demand for cybersecurity skills grows in response to evolving risks.
Urgent need for coordinated action
The report calls for urgent collaboration between governments, businesses, and educational institutions to bridge skills gaps, invest in reskilling initiatives, and create accessible pathways to high-growth roles. It emphasises the importance of inclusive workforce strategies to build a resilient global labour market capable of adapting to future disruptions.
