Four in 10 people unable to cover a £300 emergency expense now earn above the national median salary, according to a report from Plend and Triple Point, suggesting financial insecurity is increasingly affecting middle-income households.
The report found that 40% of those who could not meet the Financial Conduct Authority’s (FCA) benchmark for financial resilience earned above the national median salary.
More than a third (35%) of UK adults said they were borrowing to cover essentials such as food, heating and rent, while 89% reported feeling the impact of the cost of living crisis over the past year, up from 84% a year earlier.
The research also found that 37% of UK adults believed access to a genuinely low-interest loan would improve their financial situation, rising to 58% among those aged 18 to 34.
According to the report, traditional credit scoring continues to exclude many borrowers because it relies heavily on long credit histories and stable employment, rather than current financial behaviour.
It called for wider adoption of open banking to assess applicants using factors such as income, rent payments and everyday spending.
The findings showed that among people with unstable incomes who held a credit card, 80% met or exceeded their minimum monthly repayments, suggesting many borrowers are more creditworthy than traditional scoring models indicate.
The report recommended that the Government and Financial Conduct Authority embed open banking into mainstream credit assessments.
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Researchers also identified a gap between awareness and use of debt advice services.
While 90% of UK adults knew free debt support services existed, more than half had never used one, citing concerns including online scams, difficulties accessing phone-based services and uncertainty over whether the support was intended for them.
The report found some signs of improvement, with the proportion of people who felt excluded from the financial system falling from 29% to 26%, the first decline in four years.
Average loan interest rates also fell from 24.7% to 22.7%, although the report concluded these improvements had yet to materially change people’s experience of financial exclusion.
Lindsay Smart, head of sustainability and product at Triple Point, said: “This year’s findings show that financial precarity is no longer confined to the margins.
“It is reaching people on living wage salaries who are turning to credit simply to cover the essentials, and that should concern everyone with a stake in the health of the UK economy.
“At Triple Point we believe private capital has a role to play in closing this gap. Supporting lenders who assess borrowers on the reality of their finances, rather than the limitations of a credit file, is both the responsible thing to do and a sound long-term investment.”
James Pursaill, chief executive of Plend, added: “Five years of this research tell a consistent story. The rules of the credit system may be easing at the margins, but the lived experience of exclusion has barely shifted.
“Millions of people who are entirely creditworthy are still being turned away because the traditional system was never built with them in mind. Open banking changes that by assessing real financial behaviour rather than an outdated score.
“Our partnership with Triple Point allows us to reach more of the borrowers who need us, and to keep making the case that affordable, responsible credit is both possible and necessary.”