Long-term sickness remains high as NHS delays impact workforce, says Broadstone

More than 11 million fit notes were issued across the UK in 2025, highlighting the scale of long-term sickness as access to NHS care remains constrained, according to analysis from Broadstone.

NHS England data shows that 11.17 million sick notes were issued last year, with 93% classed as ‘not fit for work’, while just under 1 million advised a phased return through adjusted duties or hours.

Mental and behavioural disorders accounted for 36% of diagnosed cases, followed by musculoskeletal conditions at 18%, while more than 8 million fit notes were issued without a formal diagnosis.

Jamie Burdess, principal consultant at Broadstone, said: “When more than 10 million people are being signed off as unfit for work, it raises questions about whether the sick note system is working as intended.

“In too many cases, it appears to be supporting a complete exit from the workforce, rather than enabling people to stay in or return to work.

“While workplace sickness absence has improved slightly from post-pandemic highs, it remains concerningly high.

“Access constraints within the NHS – from GP appointment delays to long treatment waiting lists – remain a key driver.

“When care is delayed, conditions are more likely to worsen, particularly mental health and musculoskeletal issues, the leading causes of sick notes.